This isn’t directly related to OSM, but many times in “software” or “development” OSM channels someone has asked “how do I do X … on Windows 10?”.

The reason that’s often a question is that, for historical reasons, much of the OSM software used to do things has been developed on Linux. That’s great for people working on Linux themselves, and the Apple Macintosh users can normally jury-rig something to run that software too.

Windows users can do the same too, by installing “Windows Subsystem for Linux”. Within Windows, search for “Windows Features”:

In Windows Features, tick the box for WSL and click OK:

Windows will want to restart

After the reboot, search for “Ubuntu”:

As noted in the comments, you may need to add “Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS” from the Microsoft App Store here. When I deleted and reinstalled WSL and Ubuntu to create these notes, I didn’t need to - but it may be that a Microsoft uninstall didn’t do a clean uninstall. Plus ça Change, eh? :)

Ubuntu will install:

and will then prompt for a userid and password:

After that type “lsb_release -a” at the prompt to see the version installed:

No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 22.04.2 LTS
Release:        22.04
Codename:       jammy

Apply any pending updates:

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

(this will take a while the first time)

and you can then head over to e.g. https://switch2osm.org/serving-tiles/ to do whatever it was you wanted to do.